Direct and diffuse shading factors modelling for the most representative agrivoltaic system layouts

Agrivoltaic systems are becoming increasingly popular as a crucial technology for attaining multiple sustainable development goals, such affordable and clean energy, zero hunger, water sanitation, climate action. However, comprehensive understanding of the shading effects on crops is essential choosing an optimal agrivoltaic system, incorrect choice can result in significant crop yield reductions. In this study, fixed vertical, one-axis tracking, two-axis tracking photovoltaic arrays were developed applications to analyse conditions ground used production. The models demonstrated remarkable accuracy comparison commercial software PVsyst® SketchUp®. These will help reduce uncertainty under by providing accurate photosynthetically active radiation distribution at level. was further analysed using light homogeneity index, results showed that reduction varied significantly depending system design, ranging from 86% 95%, 11% 22%, respectively. Studying effect with analysis identifying most suitable layout specific geographical locations.